Essay on Designer Babies - 1937 Words

Designer Babies I’ve been poked and prodded at ever since I can remember, but what I didn’t know was that I was actually a poked and prodded at individual even before my existence. Transplanted DNA is what they should have named me instead of Wang. I find my existence to be not as real or as wanted as others who were conceived naturally with both loving parents and even the idea of other loving parents adopting their children. It just seems unfair that my parents would make decisions for me before I was even born. The idea of someone wanting to create their child is absurd. Our bodies own process of getting rid of the bad genes is something we can not control. We can not begin to have the same instinct as our bodies. Allowing this to go†¦show more content†¦Sure the genes come from the birth parents, but altering the outcome of both the mother and father combined defeats the whole point of making a baby together. â€Å"What is more, we know from tracking the life of the adult exactly what the designer baby will look like at the age of two, ten, twenty, thirty and so on† (Dixon). The idea of knowing what ones child will look like when it grows up defeats the whole purpose of life itself. There are no surprises, no set backs, just this steady ongoing nothingness forming a society where there is no more emotions. Parents should love their child for the person they become, no matter what decisions they make in their lifetime. Decisions only they themselves can make, based on their own thoughts. Thus, piecing together the person and their identity, like a puzzle of who they want to grow up to be. Not being able to choose hair and eye color is like taking away that persons right as an individual, freedom of choice. The unborn child will grow up to make their own choices, regardless of the way nature intended them to look like. This is inevitable, and the way of life. Otherwise the child exists as a trophy in the eyes of its parents. A life created against the beauty of traits that make each person unique in their own, one of a kind self made image. Life is a precious commodity, the only thing we ourselves have full control over. The twistsShow MoreRelatedDesigner Babies1566 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Review of Designer Babies: The Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Author: Siew Yang Yi Yin Ren. Designer Babies: The Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering. MURJ Volume 12, Spring 2005. Genetic engineering is the modification of an organism’s genome through direct human manipulation of the DNA using modern technology. Although classical genetic methods using selective breeding has been done by humans since thousands of years ago, the manipulation of genome of organism through advanceRead MoreThe Invention Of Designer Babies1257 Words   |  6 Pagespotential to genetically modify embryos has created controversy whether this procedure if ‘morally correct.’ ‘Designer babies’ have been created by screening embryos for genetic diseases. However, ‘Designer babies’ has also been used to contain selected desired qualities such as eye colour, hair colour and skin complexion. The question remains, â€Å"where is the line drawn for ‘designer babies?’† In Vitro Fertilisation â€Å"In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is a procedure in which eggs (ova) from a woman s ovaryRead MoreDesigner Babies Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagesblond hair, artistic, female. Congratulations, you’ve just created what you think is the perfect child. However, there is one small problem with this plan; someone has already tried to create the perfect human. His name is Adolf Hitler. Designer Babies, a form of human genetic engineering, should be banned. When a human is created with a different embryo in a lab that child can feel a lost sense of identity; also, genetic engineering can lead to a loss of human diversity and an imbalance betweenRead MoreDesigner Babies Essay1146 Words   |  5 Pagesthought is scary. Nature has always taken us down the right path but are we really ready to take control? Do we really know enough? Can we handle the consequences? The term that is used for genetically enhanced people is â€Å"Designer Babies†. The Oxford dictionary defines it as â€Å"a baby whose genetic makeup has been artificially selected by genetic engineering combined with in vitro fertilization to ensure the presence or absence of particular genes or characteristics.†. Basically an embryo is createdRead MoreDesigner Babies? Essays841 Words   |  4 PagesDesigner Babies Parents can now pick a kids sex and screen for genetic illness. Will they someday select brains and beauty too? In the ever- advancing technological world, scientists discover new and efficient ways to advance society each and every single day. Imagine being able to choose your childs body type, or personality, or IQ. It is not as farfetched as it sounds. Its a process called Gene Therapy, and is being perfected right now. This process rules out any unknowns in childbirthRead MoreCreating a Designer Baby2223 Words   |  9 Pagesmade-to-order child’ (Shannon). With rising concerns of building a baby through eugenics and IVF or In Vitro Fertilization, the government, court systems, activists, and public media is starting to take notice. Being able to pick your babies’ generic make up would be an ethical disaster with a slippery slope into an era where one’s child is created by man with build-a-baby qualities instead of the natural creation of a new life. Creating a designer baby through IVF technology would have severe consequences notRead MoreDesigner Babies Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesDesigner Babies Since the time DNA was discovered, genetic modification has been advancing in our world. Around the late 20th century designing babies became a new topic. Genetic engineering is a powerful and potentially very dangerous tool. To alter the sequence of nucleotides of the DNA that code for the structure of complex living organisms, can have extremely ill effects although the potential benefits can be huge. Today’s advances in gene therapy make it possible to remove bad genes andRead MoreThe Invention Of Designer Babies902 Words   |  4 PagesFrankenstein is fictional, with modern technologies, the creation of designer babies is an increasing reality. Designer babies are genetically engineered in vitro for specially selected traits, which can vary from lowered disease risk to gender selection (â€Å"Ethics of Designer Babies† 1). With the possibility of designer babies becoming a reality, many ethical arguments have come into play. Within these arguments the pros and c ons of designer babies are discussed and many ethical issues are brought up. ThereRead MoreThe Ethics Of Designer Babies943 Words   |  4 PagesClara Johnson Prof. Sara Clark English Composition Essay #4 The Ethics of Designer Babies As we stand in the world today, we as humans have never been more technologically advanced or scientifically intelligent. We have the ability to explore outer space and the depths of the oceans. We are even in the process of developing organs using 3D printing technology. But there is a limit to the extent of advancements that humankind can reach before some begin to pose dangers to humanity or become unethicalRead MoreDesigner Babies Essay1213 Words   |  5 PagesDesigner Babies In the 21st century, genetics will dominate our food, our health, and our environment. Scientists are now talking about the latest taboo on the horizon, hand picking the genes of our children. The questions arise everywhere from society. Have we gone too far with the human genome project? Do we risk creating children as a medical commodity? Could it ultimately lead to parents demanding genetically-engineered offspring with good looks, intelligence, or athletic abilities? It is

The United States Health Care System - 1478 Words

Cultural Competency The United States health care system may be unique in being a true melting pot of cultures, ethnicities, and races. Health care and maintenance of one’s health is a necessity of life, regardless of ethnic, social, or cultural background. The cultural landscape of America is a constantly changing as evidenced by some projections stating by the year 2045 that non-Hispanic Caucasians will represent less than 50% of the U.S. population for the first time (Alba, 2015). However, this estimate may actually be inaccurate due to the numerous American families that already incorporate multiple racial, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds. Nurse anesthetists that provide anesthesia for surgery are exposed to a myriad of cultures and all the differences that come with them. These many differences may affect how an anesthetist interacts with their patients, may cause a simple procedure to become a more challenging one, or it may also affect an anesthetist own beliefs and how that approach a case. The United States Census Bureau (2016) estimates that every 28 seconds a new immigrate enters the U.S. bringing with them different languages, customs, and beliefs. Culture can be defined as knowledge, experiences, values, customs, beliefs, skills, preferences, and technique that is passed on from one member of a group or community to another. These can be shared by family members, peers, social group, religious beliefs, and professional organization (Centers for DiseaseShow MoreRelatedThe United States Health Care System1369 Words   |  6 Pagesplans for the United States health care system. The United States health care system has been in need of adjustment for years, with prices being paid over double per capita compared to other countries. While they have some similar views on current issues, there are drastic differences in the candidates’ ideas for change. To begin, Bernie Sanders, a Democratic candidate, believes that health care in the United States is a human right regardless of a person’s income. Universal health care is a foundationRead MoreThe United States Health Care System1449 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States health care system is the most expensive in the world. It spends more than 16% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health care, (the highest per person in the world), but ranks behind most countries on many measures of health outcomes, quality, and efficiency. In 2012, over 47 million people were un-insured and millions were under-insured⠁ ´. The cost of health care is rising at least twice as fast as the rate of economic growth. Major companies are passing more of the cost ofRead MoreThe United States Health Care System Essay1905 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States health care system is lacking the needs to create a reliable system to achieve quality, access, cost, and educate for the consumers. Despite the efforts of the government to find a common ground to meet the standard for the societies, the system has yet to have a major improvement. These issues must be reexamined to fix the broken system. The United States health care expenditure is another issue that needs to be addressed to achieve the future goals of the healthcare system in theRead MoreThe Quality Of Care Of The United States Health Care System2125 Words   |  9 PagesThe quality of care In the United States Health Care System, unlike a lot of people’s perceptions, is not the best in the world. In fact, Rose Ann DeMoro, the Executive Director of National Nurses United, Which happens to be the nation’s largest professional association and union for registered nurses, wrote in â€Å"How US Private Insurance Healthcare is Failing,† â€Å"A study published [in June 2011] from the university of Washington in collaboration with researchers at Imperial College London found lifeRead MoreThe H ealth Care System Of The United States As A Whole Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesthe health care system in the United States as a whole. Within this article, the subjects of health care that are reviewed are a) the US government’s position as the insurer for roughly 60 percent of the healthcare spending in the US via the public sector, b) the analysis of the funding for government health care programs such as Medicare, Medicall, and Medicaid and c) the programs in place for the health care of children and program administration for war veterans. The author discusses health careRead MoreUnited States Health Care System Essay3779 Words   |  16 Pages17 Nov 2006 US Health Care System: Does the Public Get the Best Return vs. Investment The United States spends more of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on healthcare then any other industrialized country in the world and because of this one would think that the U.S. provides one of the top universal healthcare plans for all citizens without health insurance. Furthermore, the U.S.’s overall health system performance is 37 out of 191 (qtd in U.S. Census Bureau), obviously 37 out of 191 is horribleRead MoreComparing The Canadian And The United States Health Care System1151 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States health care system. the first part of the paper will focus on describing each country health care system. The second part will focus on analyzing, evaluating and comparing these two countries system efficiency and benefits. The last part, is an overview of the recent policies changes and its effect (positive and negative) on each country citizens and proposed future reforms for better coverage in these countries. Canada health system Canada provides a national universal care thatRead MoreSafety Net Hospitals And The United States Health Care System903 Words   |  4 Pageshospitals have played an important role in the United States health care system. They provide a significant amount of care to low-income, uninsured, and vulnerable populations. While treating these types of populations, they are still able to provide high cost services such as trauma and burn care. They often take on additional roles and responsibilities such as the training of medical and nursing students (Coughlin et al., 2014). These hospital systems are well known for their open door policy (WynnRead MoreComparing The United States Health Care System With The Federal Republic Of Germany2322 Words   |  10 PagesTHE UNITED STATES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM WITH THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY During the past few decades in the United States, health care cost has been skyrocketing, and many people have lost their insurance as result of the high cost. Approximately 45 million American s are uninsured or they don’t have a real health care plan that can cover all their needs. Some Americans have the perception that even with coverage, cost and other problems in the system, the quality of the Healthcare System in theRead MoreThe Health Care System Of The United States857 Words   |  4 Pages 1.) Briefly describe the US Health Care system. Identify the people, professionals and organizations that have something to say about how health care is delivered -- and paid for -- in the US. The Health Care System in the United States is provided by many organizations. The Healthcare facilities are largely owned by private sector businesses. A large part of community hospitals are non-profit and government owned, and only a small percent is for profit. The non-profit hospitals include 60 to

Indoor Management With Limitation And Exceptions Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Indoor Management with Limitation and Exceptions. Answer: Introduction: The indoor management rule is a doctrine under the company law which is globally accepted. The usual course of practice a company adopts to enter into contracts and other transactions is through agents who are authorized to act for the company. Thus, the said doctrine of indoor management states how laws are established to protect the an outsider who acts in a bona fide manner while contracting with the companys agent against claims initiated by the company at a later stage that the company fails to be bound by the contract as the said agent lacked appropriate authority (Davies 2010). The common law indoor management rule relies on the presumption that it is nearly impossible for an outsider involved with company for transactions is to be aware of its internal management and working. According to the rule of indoor management any individual who deals or contracts with a company is not required to inquire whether the companys internal management in relation to the contract is properly followed as long as they are satisfied that the said contract or transaction has taken place according to the article and memorandum of association of the company. Thus, the said rule states that individuals contracting with a company are presumed to be aware about the content in the memorandum and articles of association of a company and can assume that the officer or agent dealing with them on behalf of the company has complied with the memorandum and articles of association of the company (Winch 2010). The said rule was established with the famous English case law Royal British Bank v Turquand (1856) 6 EB 327. In the said case, Mr. Turquand was the liquidator of a company which was insolvent. The said company gave bonds to the Royal British Bank on security of current drawings of the company. The said bond was signed by 2 directors and the companys secretary. On being sued the company argued that an articles of the said company states that the directors are allowed to borrow money only after company passing a resolution and the resolution does not specific the amount to be borrowed. The Court in the said case stated that the bond was duly executed as the bank was not entitled to know or inquire into companys internal management (Sealy and Worthington 2013). The Court said that bank had to be aware of the articles which were registered at the Companies House which is open for the public to review that the directors of the company have the authority to borrow money by a resolution. B ut bank was not required to know what was passed in the said resolution. This judgment created the rule of indoor management. In Australia, all the laws and regulations in relation to company and business law are stated in the Corporation Act 2001. The laws in the said Act are to be complied with every company operative in Australia. The law in relation to doctrine of indoor management is also incorporated in the sections of the Corporation Act 2001 (Delport 2011). Section 128 and section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 discuss the rule on indoor management as applicable in Australia. Section 128 of the Corporation Act gives any person dealing with a company the right to make certain assumptions under section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001. Thus, the section 128(1) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that every person dealing with a company can make certain assumptions. In the case, Gye v McIntyre, the Court stated that the word dealing should be given wide interpretation to include not just contracts but also single transactions, pre-negotiations for contracts and purported dealings. Thus, the assumptions in the said case can extend to past transactions and dealing of a company, its dealings with a third party, situations where third parties mentions an irregular past dealing of the company with an outside. In fact, the scope of the said section extends to allow assumptions even if the agent of the company or its officers acts fraudulently (Dignam and Hicks 2011). However, the section does not allow assumption in cases where the individual assuming is aware or suspects the assumption to be wrong or incorrect. Thus section 128(4) of the Corporation Act provides a defense which the company can use against claims arose based on section 128 and 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 is that the individual was aware of the irregular internal management of the company and thus cannot rely on the assumption that the internal management was followed properly. Therefore, in USSC v Hospital Products International Pty Ltd, the Court stated that any dishonest failure on part of the person dealing with a company to inquire about irregularity in the management with the fear to discover fraud or breach is considered as having knowledge of the said fraud or breach. Thus, the doctrine of indoor management cannot be applied in such cases (Goulding 2013). Section 129 of the Corporation Act is the statutory adoption of the common law doctrine of indoor management. Section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 states the list of assumptions an outsider dealing with a company is allowed to make. According to the said section, the first assumption a person dealing with a company can make is to assume the said company has followed all the provisions of its constitution and its replaceable rules which define a companys internal management (Goulding 2013). Although section 129(1) of the Corporation Act adopts the doctrine of indoor management, its scope is narrower compared to the common law doctrine of indoor management. The scope of section 129(1) of the Corporation Act 2001 is limited to assumption about the companys constitution and the replacement rules however, the common law doctrine of indoor management will go beyond to include assumptions about compliance which the company is required to comply with under the Corporation Act 2001 which talk about the companys internal management and not just the replaceable rules (Du Plessis et al 2010). Section 129(2) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that a person dealing with a company can assume that the director or the company secretary as mentioned in the information from ASIC are appointed under appropriate authority and have powers they are exercising in relation to the dealing. This section states something in addition to the common law doctrine of indoor management (Garnett2012). It is not the exact copy of the common law doctrine of indoor management because it states that the outsider dealing with company is not required to read the ASIC information to rely on assumption. Thus, the common law doctrine requires an individual who is an outsider in the company to have seen the records to rely on the assumption which is not the case in section 129(2) of the Corporation Act 2001. Section 129(3) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that any individual who is held out y the company to be an agent or an officer is duly appointed and has the authority to exercise the powers hes exercising. The issue in interpreting this section is to determine who has the authority to make the holding out (Shepherd and Ridley 2015). Thus, the said section is an attempt to make the common law doctrine of indoor management statutory in nature. In Crabtree-Vickers Pty Ltd v Australian Direct Mail Advertising Addressing Co Pty Ltd, the Court confirms that according to common law doctrine of indoor management holding out is permitted by individuals in the company with actual authority, however under section 129(3), the need of actual authority as opposed to ostensible authority is not states. Thus, the Corporation Act 2001 gives section 129(3) a wider scope compared to common law doctrine of indoor management (Singh 2015). Section 129(4) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that person dealing with a company can assume that the companys agent and officer duly performed their duties. Additionally, section 129(5) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that a person dealing with a company can assume that any document signed without the companys seal is duly signed if its signed by either 2 directors of the total 3 directors in a company, any one director along with the company secretary or single directors where there is no other director. Section 129(6) of the Corporation Act states that a person dealing with a company can assume that any document is duly signed if contains companys common seal or is witnessed by people when the common seal was attached to it. There are multiple interpretation to section 129(4) of the Corporation Act 2001, thus, the one that compiles with the common law doctrine of indoor management is usually adopted. Additionally, the section 129(5) and 129(6) of the Corporation Act 2001 als o is incorporated in the Australian business law to promote the common law doctrine of indoor management (Abeysekera 2013). Section 129(7) of the Corporation Act 2001 states that a person dealing with a company can assume that officer and agent who are authorize to issue documents for the company have the appropriate power to guarantee that the company papers and document are true copy. Under the common law doctrine of indoor management there is ambiguity about whether a company officer or secretary is authority to guarantee the documents of a company as genuine, however, the said ambiguity is solved under section 129(7) of the Corporation Act 2001 (Bachoo et al 2013). Thus, the provisions of 128 and 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 are formed with great efficient and the primary purpose of enacting the said sections in Corporation Act 2001 in Australia was to repair the faults and ambiguities present in the common law doctrine of indoor management. However, the said sections are complex in nature and somewhere fail to protect an outsider in reality failing to satisfy the intention of the Parliament while drafting the said sections. Thus, further statutory and legislative changes are required to make the section 128 and section 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 competent to promote the intention of the Australia Parliament to protect outsiders against the internal procedures and management of a company. Thus, the Courts in Australia like in Mahony v East Holyford Mining Co (1874-75), LR 7 HL 869 always rely on the doctrine of indoor management. In the said case, the articles of a company stated that cheques have to be signed by 2 or more directors or by a director along with the secretary, and the fact that the director who signed the cheques was not duly appointed was considered a matter of internal management and thus, the outsider who received the cheque was not required to assume whether the director was duly appointed. Thus, in Australia, in most cases, the doctrine of indoor management is relied on; however, the said rule has certain exceptions. The primary exception is knowledge of irregularity which is also stated under section 128 of the Corporation Act. This exception states that when the individual has knowledge of certain internal irregularity, he is not allowed to rely on assumptions mentioned in section 129 of the Corporation Act. For example, if share transfer certifi cate has to be signed by 2 directors and the transferor was aware that one of the 2 directors who signed the said certificate was removed or disqualifies to be a director, the rule of indoor management shall not apply. (Ferran and Ho 2014). Thus, any apparent irregularity is required to be inquired about and the said protection is not allowed to be relied on in such cases. The other exceptions to the rule of indoor management are suspicion, forgery, and representation through Articles. The indoor management rule is not applicable in cases where an outsider signing the contract is under suspicion of certain irregularity; in this case, he is required to inquiry into the matter and is not allowed to rely on the said doctrine if he failed to inquire. Documents which are forged do not come under the preview of doctrine of indoor management. Additionally, if the Articles of Association of a Company clearly states something or something with an actual direct interpretation, the outsider co ntracting with the company is suppose to be aware of the same. Thus, internal management procedures stated in the Articles of Association of a company do not come under the scope of indoor management rule. Additionally, the benefits of the said rule cannot be taken if the irregularity was discoverable with proper inquiry. Thus, both the common law doctrine of indoor management and the indoor management rule under the section 128 and 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 have adopted business approach in order to protect an individual who is an outsider when he makes transactions with a company. The principle behind indoor management of business convenience is to put the desired result of the business transaction above the financial interest of innocent officers and agents of a said company. Thus, the common law doctrine of indoor management and the indoor management in the section 128 and 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 differ in how balance is to be shifted to protect the outsider. In some aspects, the scope is wider in common law doctrine of indoor management and in some cases, the ambiguity in common law doctrine of indoor management is solved by its statutory interpretation mentioned in sections 128 and 129 of the Corporation Act 2001 (Nielson and Harris 2010). However, the routine practice of applicati on of indoor management gives various powers to the directors of the company, which are often mis-used, therefore, the common law doctrine of indoor management is required to be made statutory with its limitation and interpretation to make it clear and minimum the misuse of the said doctrine by the directors of the company. Reference List Abeysekera, I., 2013. A template for integrated reporting.Journal of Intellectual Capital,14(2), pp.227-245. Bachoo, K., Tan, R. and Wilson, M., 2013. Firm value and the quality of sustainability reporting in Australia.Australian Accounting Review,23(1), pp.67-87. Davies, P.L., 2010.Introduction to company law. Oxford University Press. Delport, P., 2011. Companies Act 71 of 2008 and the'Turquand'Rule.Journal of Contemporary Roman-Dutch Law,74, p.132. Dignam, A. and Hicks, A., 2011.Hicks Goo's cases and materials on company law. Oxford University Press, USA. Du Plessis, J.J., Hargovan, A. and Bagaric, M., 2010.Principles of contemporary corporate governance. Cambridge University Press. Ferran, E. and Ho, L.C., 2014.Principles of corporate finance law. Oxford University Press. Garnett, R., 2012.Substance and procedure in private international law. OUP Oxford. Goulding, S., 2013.Principles of company law. Routledge. Jooste, R., 2013. Observations on the Impact of the 2008 Companies Act on the Doctrine of Constructive Notice and the Turquand Rule.S. African LJ,130, p.464. Nielson, L. and Harris, B., 2010.Chronology of superannuation and retirement income in Australia. Department of Parliamentary Services. Ridley, A., 2011.Company Law. Routledge. Sealy, L. and Worthington, S., 2013.Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Shepherd, C. and Ridley, A., 2015.Company Law. Routledge. Singh, A., 2015. Company law. Winch, G.M., 2010.Managing construction projects. John Wiley Sons.

Lincoln Douglas Debate Notes free essay sample

Natural Law- a body of law or a specific principle held to be derived from nature and binding upon human society in the absence of or in addition to positive law Marxism-the political, economic, and social theories of Karl Marx including the belief that the struggle between social classes is a major force in history and that there should eventually be a society in which there are no classes General Welfare-The concern of the government for the health, peace, morality, and safety of its citizens What does Philosophy seek to accomplish? Going deeper into the debate than standard.Explain in your own words the philosophical concepts of Karl Marx. Wanting to make humanity a better place, eliminating things that constrict us. Explain in your own words the philosophical concepts of John Locke. The power of mind to overcome the impossible feats of logic. Explain in your own words the philosophical concepts of John Stuart Mill. We will write a custom essay sample on Lincoln Douglas Debate Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eliminating the mystery of life in attempt to benefit society. Explain in your own words the points described in William Gildings Lord of the Flies. The main point is that we, as human beings, need a government. We need somebody to tell us what to do, when to do it, and how to do it.Our motives when we dont get what we want arena pure; the monsters in our heads want us to hurt whoever displeased us. What are the pros and cons of the idea of redistribution of wealth? Pro: It stop poverty lowers crimes make most of the peoples happy, increases productivity (a happy employer is a productive employ), equal rights and freedoms Con: coddles the poor, and reinforces the tendency of most people o be lazy, and happy to live on the dole What are the pros and cons of the idea of natural law? Pros: there is a fair set of rules set for everyone, allows us to establish common rules in order to construct society. Cons: Based on everyday notions and doesnt ask any questions such as should hospitals get more money than schools? What are the pros and cons of the idea of general welfare? Pros: programs funded by contribution, social safety net Cons: Culture of dependency, Programs too expensive. Name and explain the two concepts used to prepare and use philosophy before the debate round. The two concepts used are Research and Organize. These two things help you get your debate together so you have a factual, logical, and viable debate. Name and explain the three steps to using your understanding of philosophy during the debate round.Recognize and Label: Proposing a thought process that shows an initial picture, but closer examination can reveal deep philosophies and their properties. Then the debater proposes a simple philosophy corresponding their side of the solution. Explain and refute: educating your audience about the nature of the proposed idea. After the audience clearly understands, you can successfully show the contradiction between the opposing philosophies. Impact your arguments: Explaining the implications of weak philosophies, clearly expressing their detrimental effects on a society.Why is philosophy important in the Lincoln Douglas value debate round? It exposes arguments with strong logic, helping you to argue more thoroughly helping lead you to certain proposed conclusions. How can a limited understanding of philosophy become a dangerous tool? It could throw off your thesis statement, making your entire argument become untrue due to the fact that you couldnt grasp the entirety of the situation youre arguing. What is the most important step to using philosophy successfully in a debate mound?